Environmental Economics Charles 22 Fixed
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Environmental Economics Charles 22 Fixed
The food system is a major driver of climate change, changes in land use, depletion of freshwater resources, and pollution of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems through excessive nitrogen and phosphorus inputs. Here we show that between 2010 and 2050, as a result of expected changes in population and income levels, the environmental effects of the food system could increase by 50-90% in the absence of technological changes and dedicated mitigation measures, reaching levels that are beyond the planetary boundaries that define a safe operating space for humanity. We analyse several options for reducing the environmental effects of the food system, including dietary changes towards healthier, more plant-based diets, improvements in technologies and management, and reductions in food loss and waste. We find that no single measure is enough to keep these effects within all planetary boundaries simultaneously, and that a synergistic combination of measures will be needed to sufficiently mitigate the projected increase in environmental pressures.
CEESP contributes to the IUCN's Mission by generating and disseminating knowledge, mobilising influence, and promoting actions to harmonise the conservation of nature with the critical social, cultural, environmental, and economic justice concerns of human societies.
To contribute to the IUCN mission by generating and disseminating knowledge, mobilising influence, and promoting actions to harmonise the conservation of nature with the critical social, cultural, environmental, and economic justice concerns of human societies.
There has been considerable controversy over the empirical significance of the theoretically predicted pollution haven hypothesis. Generally, empirical papers have failed to find an effect on industrial location of weaker or stricter environmental regulations. In this paper we find confirmation of theoretical predictions. We present a statistical test of the impact of environmental regulations on the capital movement of polluting industries. The empirical study is conducted by examining foreign direct investment (FDI) of several US industries, representing industries with high pollution control costs (chemicals and primary metals) as well as industries with more modest pollution control costs (electrical and non-electrical machinery, transportation equipment, and food products). At issue is the effect of the laxity of environmental regulation on FDI. As laxity is not directly observed, we posit two equations, one for FDI determination and one for pollutant emissions, a variable positively correlated with the unobserved variable. We use aggregate national sulfur emissions as the pollutant. Using instruments for the unobserved variable, the statistical results show that the laxity of environmental regulations in a host country is a significant determinant of FDI from the US for heavily polluting industries and is insignificant for less polluting industries.
EconPapers FAQ Archive maintainers FAQ Cookies at EconPapers Format for printing The RePEc blog The RePEc plagiarism page Handbook of Environmental Economics, vol 3Edited by K. G. Mäler and Jeffrey Vincent (Obfuscate( 'duke.edu', 'jeff.vincent' ))in Handbook of Environmental Economics from Elsevier, currently edited by K. G. MÃler and J. R. VincentKeywords: Environmental Degradation; Institutional Responses (search for similar items in EconPapers)JEL-codes: Q50 (search for similar items in EconPapers)Date: 2005Edition: 1References: Add references at CitEc Citations: View citations in EconPapers (201) Track citations by RSS feedDownloads: (external link) Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers onlyChapters in this book: Ch 21 Intertemporal Welfare Economics and the Environment , pp 1105-1145 Geoffrey Heal Ch 22 National income and the environment , pp 1147-1217 Geoffrey Heal and Bengt Kristrom Ch 23 Economic growth and the environment , pp 1219-1271 Anastasios Xepapadeas Ch 24 CGE Modeling of Environmental Policy and Resource Management , pp 1273-1306 Lars Bergman Ch 25 Calculating the Costs of Environmental Regulation , pp 1307-1351 William Pizer and Raymond Kopp Ch 26 Environmental implications of non-environmental policies , pp 1353-1401 Anil Markandya Ch 27 International Trade, Foreign Investment, and the Environment , pp 1403-1456 Michael Rauscher Ch 28 The theory of international environmental agreements , pp 1457-1516 Scott Barrett Ch 29 The Economics of Biodiversity , pp 1517-1560 Stephen Polasky, Christopher Costello and Andrew Solow Ch 30 The Economics of Climate Policy , pp 1561-1618 Charles Kolstad and Michael TomanRelated works:This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/TextPersistent link: :eee:envhes:3Access Statistics for this bookMore books in Handbook of Environmental Economics from ElsevierBibliographic data for series maintained by Catherine Liu (Obfuscate( 'elsevier.com', 'repec' )). var addthis_config = "data_track_clickback":true; var addthis_share = url:" :eee:envhes:3"Share This site is part of RePEc and all the data displayed here is part of the RePEc data set. Is your work missing from RePEc Here is how to contribute. Questions or problems Check the EconPapers FAQ or send mail to Obfuscate( 'oru.se', 'econpapers' ). EconPapers is hosted by the Örebro University School of Business.
While this is great news for efforts to cut greenhouse gas emissions, an UNCTAD report says the expected boom in mining for the raw materials used to make rechargeable batteries raises environmental and social concerns that must be urgently addressed.
The environmental risks are just as worrying. Cobalt mine sites may contain sulphur minerals that can generate sulfuric acid when exposed to air and water. This process, known as acid mine drainage, can devastate rivers, streams and aquatic life for hundreds of years.
The environmental impacts of graphite mining are similar. The use of explosives can blow dust and fine particles into the atmosphere, causing health problems in nearby communities and contaminating soils around the site.
The report says the adverse environmental impacts could be reduced by investing more in sustainable mining techniques and technologies that can recycle more effectively the raw materials found in spent lithium-ion batteries.
The Department was founded in January 2003, and since 2005 the initial purely economy-oriented research has also embraced selected sociological research topics. Our research activities are primarily based on methodological individualism in environmental and welfare economics, as well as environmental sociology. Our pre-dominant interest in empirical research has led to the completion of over 20 original surveys. Moreover, the Department functions as a national contact point for the European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists.
1) By applying non-market valuation methods, we focus on analysing individual preferences in respect of (environmental) non-market goods. The principal object of research interest is the valuation of pollution impacts and effects of working processes on human health resulting in premature deaths, risk alterations, and various disease symptoms. We also deal with valuation of non-production ecosystem (forest) functions and benefits, inter alia of water quality or endangered species.
3) The dependence between economic performance and environmental burden is studied by testing the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis, as well as application of statistical decomposition methods and econometric analysis to explain changes in emission output and energy consumption. Corporate behaviour is analysed by means of the estimation of sectoral and firm production functions or cost functions of transport operators. The intention to advance medium-term prediction and integrated models is a novel research topic.
5) Analysis of the effects of economic instruments in environmental regulation has been the longest-pursued of all our research topics. The research is dominated by analysis of impacts of environmental tax reform, particularly effectiveness analysis of instruments, distributional and social impacts (including measurements of tax progressivity and income inequality), impacts on public finances and economic sectors. Since 2003, we have been involved in expert groups on the possible options for effective and efficient environmental regulation. In our policy case studies, we apply cost-benefit analysis with the intention of furthering development of environmental cost-benefit analysis.
Congressman Hoyer strongly supports environmental safeguards that keep our land, air and water clean. He has supported every major environmental bill since he was elected to Congress. Congressman Hoyer has secured millions of federal dollars to clean up the Chesapeake Bay and the Patuxent, Potomac, Anacostia, and St. Mary's Rivers, and to replenish the oyster population of the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries.
WASHINGTON, DC Congressman Steny H. Hoyer (D-MD) announced that the Energy and Water Appropriations for FY 2008, which passed the House today, includes $38,465,000 for several projects important to the environmental and economic health of Maryland and the Fifth District. Funding for all projects listed below was included at Rep. Hoyer's request.________________________________________________________________________
WASHINGTON, DC Congressman Steny H. Hoyer (D-MD) today announced the inclusion of $36.9 million for Maryland conservation and environmental priorities in the FY2008 Interior and the Environment Appropriations bill...________________________________________________________________________ 153554b96e